Lubricant fitting



LUBRICANT FITTING 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed April 14, 1947 A M M 2d 4 u w wwnmwo @Y j.

March 27, 1951 c. c. s. LE CLAIR v LUBRICANT FITTING 4 sheets-sheet 2 Filed April 14, 194 '7 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 c. c. s. LE CLAIR LUBRICANT FITTING March 27, 1951 Filed April 14, 1947 C. C. S. LE CLAIR LUBRICANT FITTING March 27, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed April 14, 1947 M x x .a l... UJI d. H w j No. mm N 'Oarf Il.

linafter called Patented Mar. 27, 1951 UITED STATES Sedn Oi'lCE LUBRICANT FITTING Britain Application April 14, 1947, Serial No. 741,361 En Great Britain April 26, 1946 (Cl. 18d- 105) 13 Claims. l

This invention relates in general to lubrication systems of the kind in which lubricant is discharged at high pressure by means of a grease gun or other high pressure lubricant-discharging device into a nipple or lubricant-receiving device which is` usually attached permanently to the part to be lubricated. The invention also relates to lubrication systems in which a grease gun or equivalent is provided with, or is connected to, a nozzle which is provided with jaws or other device, whereby the nozzle may be detachably applied by direct thrust or detachably attached by push-on, pull-on or lateral" or other method of engagement to the nipple, which latter may be formed with a fiange or head or other means adapted to be engaged by the jaws or other device of the nozzle body.

The invention thus relates, for example, to 1ubrication systems in which the nozzle is adapted to form a lubricant tight joint with the nipple by thrust applied to the nozzle, or in which the nozzle comprises a number of movable jaws which, when operated manually, mechanically, or by the pressure of the lubricant forced into the nozzle by the grease gun -or equivalent, are adapted to form a detachable connection with the nipple, or in which the nozzle is provided with fixed jaws in the form of a channel adapted to form a detachable connection with a flange on the nipple.

Known types of nipple used in the above mentioned lubricant systems are frequently provided with non-return valves adapted to close the lubricant passages, but whether they are provided with non-return valves or not the open-ended inlets of the said passages form lodgements in which dirt can collect.

One object of the present invention is to provide nipples or lubricant receiving devices (herenipples) which are so constructed that dirt cannot collect in the said inlets.

According to the present invention, the inlet end of the lubricant passage in the nipple is provided with a closure member which is made of flexible or resilient lubricant-impervious material, and is formed with a passageof such small size that the lubricant passage is normally closed, and there is no exposed aperture or space in which dirt can collect. The closure member and the nipple body surrounding it are, however, so constructed that by pressure applied to the closure member around, and at a position spaced laterally from, the said passage in the closure member, the closureV member may be so distorted lll or deflected that the inlet end of the passage in the member is opened or spread initially to a1- low the entry of a nozzle or injector device whereby lubricant under pressure imposed upon it by a grease gun or equivalent device may be delivered into the said passage in the closure mem ber thence into the lubricant passage in the nipple and thence to the place of use.

The closure member thus not only acts to prevent the access of dirt to the lubricant passage in the nipple, but also, as will be explained hereinafter, acts as a non-return valve to prevent the back flow and escape of lubricant when the pressure of the latter is relieved, and the nozzle is removed.

The said lubricant passage in the closure member remains wholly closed until the above-mentioned pressure is applied to the closure member, to open the inlet end of the passage.

A further object of this invention is to provide the combination of a nipple, constructed as briefly described above and hereinafter, with a nozzle which may form part of, or may be attached directly or indirectly to, a grease gun or equivalent (hereinafter called grease gun) and is provided with means which, by direct thrust or under the pressure of lubricant fed into .the nozzle by the grease gun, is adapted to apply the requisite lateral force upon the said closure member around the inlet end of the said lubricant passage so as to open the inlet end, and with hollow conduit means which, also by direct thrust or under the pressure of the lubricant, is thrust into the opened inlet end of the passage, and thus allows the lubricant to be injected through the passage into the nipple, and thence to the place of use of the lubricant.

The said ilexble or resilient closure member in the nipple may consist of a exible, lubricant impervious teat having an inner ange which is fitted in a correspondingly-shaped recess formed within the nipple near the inlet end of the lubricant receiving passage in the nipple, an outer flange anda waist or part of reduced diameter which connects the two flanges, the outer ange and the waist above the inner flange being surrounded by an annular space formed by an enlargement of the lubricant passage in the nipple. The teat is provided with a straightthrough passage which is formed by merely piercing the teat without removing material. The outer surface oi the outer flange of the teat is usually flush with the outer surface of the nipple.

In a modification, the inner ilange of the teat is integral with an inwardly projecting tapered shank, which may be formed into two or more ilexible lips divided by a longitudinal slit, or slits,V

which communicate with the passage.

VIn a further modication, the outer flange of the teat is relatively thin and closes the outer end of the said annular space in the nipple, being provided with means for anchoring the peripheral part of the flange to the nipple.

Various constructional forms of the nipple, and

also of nozzles, adapted to be used in association therewith will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, and in these descriptions it will be assumed pull-on motion'and in which the hollow slidable conduit which engages in the lubricant passage in the teat is in the form of a nozzle or injector device and is slidable in a grease-operated piston assembly which is slidable in the nozzle body; f Figure 2 is a fragmentary lsectional view 'showing the application of a nozzle as shown in Figure 1 to a modified ferm of nipple in which the outer fiange of the teat is provided lwith a peripheral rim which is fixed' in an annular recess formed in the outer face of the nipple;

Figure 3 is a sectional view of another nozzle and nipple combination, the nozzle being engaged in its working position on the headof the nipple.

In this figure, the nozzle comprises an outer piston assembly which is slidable upon a fixed inner body part of the nozzle within the outer body part of the nozzle and which also carries nipple-engaging jaws adapted to engage the circular head or ange of a nipple oi the type shown in Figure l;

.Figure trating the application of a nozzle as shown in Figure 3 to a nipple as shown in Figure 2; Figure 5 is a sectional view of a further nozzle and nipple4 combination, the nozzle being engaged in its working position on the head of the nipple. In this figure, the inner piston assembly andthe nozzle or` injector device are slidable in an inner 'body part which is slidable within the outer body of the nozzle and carries nipple-engaging jaws Yadapted to engage the circular head or flange of a nipple of the type shown in Figure l;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary-sectional view showing the application of the nozzle shown in Figure .5 to-al modified form of nipple;

Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional view illusj trating the application of a nozzle as shown in Figure 5 to a ripple as shown in Figure 2;

- Figure 8 is a sectional view of a further nozzle and nipple combination. The nozzle shown in this figure' is not adapted to be attached or gripped to the nipple and part of the head of the latter" is shaped to provide a guide for a spring-urged sleeve which is slidable upon the nozzle body and is adapted to ensure that vthe pointed end of the nozzle is incorrect alignment with the lubricant passagerin the nipplerteat; "Figure 8er-'is a fragmentary sectional view 4 is a fragmentary sectional View illuse showing the application of a nozzle as shown in Figure 8 to a nipple as shown in Figure 2;

Figure 9 is a sectional view of a nozzle and nipple combination in which the nozzle is provided with manually-operated nipple engaging jaws;

Figure 1Q is a fragmentary sectional View of a modification of the nozzle and nipple combination shown in Figure 9, the nipple-engaging jaws being formed with projections adapted to engage in annular grooves or serrations formed in the head of the nipple; ,f

Figure ll is a sectional View of another nozzle and nipple combination in which the nozzle is of the type shown in Figure 5 but differs therefrom in that its nipple-engaging jaws are formed with projections adapted to engage in annular grooves or serraticns formed in the head of the nipple; and

Figure 12 to 14 are fragmentary sectional views showing the application of a nozzle as shown in Figure 8 to modified forms of nipple all having teats or" the kind shown in Figure 2.

Referring to Figure l:

1n this constructional form of the invention the nipple comprises a shank i, which is screwed or otherwise formed for attachment to a place of use of the lubricant, anenlarged intermediate or Spanner-engaging part Si, and a circular flange swhich is separatedrfrom the intermediate or Spanner-engaging part vby an annularV recess which thusprovides a neck i between the latter and the flange around which the jaws of the nozzle may be engaged, as described hereinafter.

The nipple is provided with an axial grease outlet passage 5 which extends from the bottom end of the screwed shank to a position spaced slightly above the lower fiat face of the Spannerengaging part 2 of the nipple where it joins a coaxial enlarged bore which at itsrupper or inlet end is opened out in the form of a recess having two different diameters l and 8, shaped toreceive the teat.

The flexible, lubricant impervious teat may be formed with two flanges 9 and lll joined by a narrower part or waist il. rihe lower lflange iii is usually of smaller diameter than the upper nange 9, and is housed in a groove l2 cut in the smaller diameter part 3 of the recess. The upper flange 9 ishoused in the largerdiameter part 'l of the recess, its upper face being ush with the upper surface of the nipple,. and s, radial clearance i3 is allowed between the edge of the flange and the surrounding wall of the recess. An axial clearance IL- is also allowed between the back of the ange and the bottom of the recess and, further, a radial clearance i5 is also allowed between the waist ll of theteat and the metal surrounding it.` The teat is provided with a straightthrough axial lubricant inlet passage i6 formed by merely piercing the teat without removing material.

Owing to the flexibility of the material of which the teat is made, the lower ange l can be readily inserted into the' groove l2, although some distortion of the rubber is necessary vto permit of this. In a preferred embodiment to facilitate this insertion the lower flange'of the teatmay be made tapered as shown in Figure l. In this case the groove I2 and the upper end of the smaller bore 8 may also, if desired, 'be made tapered. If made in this fashion a comparatively small vertical force will suffice to thrust the lowerflangeitl into position.

YWhilst having the'advantage of simplicity-,fthe

particular construction described above 'has the disadvantage that it involves a clearance space I3, M and i between the upper liange 9 and the waist l of the teat and the surrounding metal of the nipple flange. i This space may possibly fill. with ne dirt which, although it cannot be induced into the lubricant stream, may make it diiicult for the upper flange of the teat to be deflected, and the lubricant inlet passage l5 to be opened, in the manner desired.

Hence, in a second constructional form ofthe nipple shown in Figure 2, the teat is made of a slightly different profile. It will comprises a lower flange Il and a waist i8, but the upper flange i9 is made thinner and of larger diameter, and around its peripheral edge na small circum- Vferenti'al downwardly-turned flange 2o is formed. This nts into a circular groove al cut into the nipple flange 3 between the outer edge of the latter and the above mentioned circular recess l.

Thus, although a, space is still left below the upper ange of the teat it is closed and cannot act as a dirt receptacle.

In either of the constructions shown in Figures 1 and 2, it ig preferred that a tapered shank 22 be .1,

provided below the lower flange part l0 or ll' of the teat, projecting downwards into the lubricant passage E in the nipple. rfhis tapered shank may or may not be split by a longitudinal cut, or cuts, into two or more lips. In either case, whether slit or not, owing to the tapered formation, any back ow of the grease will be stopped by the pressure of the grease, causing the tapered lsides of the shank to collapse and the passage to close.

The teat therefore acts as a nonreturn Valve,

and the inclusion of a ball andspring, or other conventional type of non-return Valve in the nipple becomes unnecessary.

The nozzle for use in conjunction with either of the constructions of nipple described above comprises a sliding tubular piston device adapted under grease pressure to apply pressure to the upper flange Q or i9 of the teat at a position surrounding the inlet passage. l in the centre where the material is unsupported in such a manner that the upper ange is deflected downwards and the inlet end or" the passage is drawn open to admit the entry of a lubricant nozzle or injector device incorporated in the nozzle.

Various constructional forms of the nozzle will now be described, their principal difference being in the form of the jaws used for effecting detachable attachment to the nipple.

Referring again to Figure 1:

In a rst construction, the nozzle for use with the nipple comprises a hollow body 23 which is integral with, or attached to, a hollow shank 24, the latter being integral with, or adapted to be attached to, the grease oulet conduit of the grease gun (not shown). The bottom or nipple-engagng end of the nozzle is formed with a know form of recess of T-section, comprising a lower straight parallel portion 25 which extends from the side of the nozzle body nearest to the grease gun to the centre of the body where it connects with a semi-circular portion which is spaced from the opposite side of the nozzle body.` In known manner, this arrangement provides two jaws between which the nipple neck Il' can be slidably engaged, and a channel 26 above the jaws adapted to receive the nipple ange 3.`

The bore of the nozzle body 23 extends from the upper face of the body to a position short of the said channel, so that the body is provided with a base 2l Separating the bore from the chan- :ill

6 nel. A hole 28 is formed centrally in the bas and provides communication between the bore, a recess 28A in the bottom of the base and the channel. The grease inlet conduit 29 in the hollow shank 24 of the hollow body communicates with the bore at a position near the upper face of the nozzle body.

An annular piston assembly is slidably arranged in the bore of the nozzle body and coinprises a central metal body 39, having a flange 3i and tubular portions 32 and 33 which project above and' below the flange. The ange of la exible sealing ring 35 is held between the upper face o1" the flange 3| of the piston body and a nut 315i which is screwed upon a threaded part of the upper part 32 of the tubular portion of the piston body, the annular sealing lip of the ring being directed upwards. The piston assembly is constantly urged upwards by a coil spring 35, which reacts between the base 21 of the nozzle body and the underside of the nange 3l on the piston body.

The upper end of the bore of the nozzle body is closed by a cover plate |36 arranged in a recess in the nozzle body. The cover plate is held in position by a circlip 3l, which is fitted in an annular groove formed in the nozzle body above the cover plate, and a exible sealing ring or disc 38 is used below the cover to eiect a pressure tight lioint.

The lower part 33 of the tubular portion of the piston body 3! ts slidably in the hole 23' in the base 2l of the nozzle body but, except when the grease gun is in operation, it does not project beyond the lower face of he but it is either Plush with it or is disposed slightly above it.

The sealing lip of the sealing washer is so disposed that it can never masi: the inlet end of the grease conduit 2i? in the hollow shank 2d of the nozzle body. The external diameter of the bottom end or" the tubular portion of the piston body is substantially equal to the diameter ci the upper flange 9 of the iiexi'ole teat in the first construction of nipple shown in ure l, and substantially half the diameter of i l in the second construction shown in A lubricant nozzle or injector device in the form of a plunger 3S is slidably arranged in the bore of the tubular portion 3; of the piston body, the bottom end of the plunger being pointed to form a needle or injector end dil. The plunger `projects upwards out of the upper end of the tubular portion of the piston body, and slightly below its upper end the plunger is formed with an external ilange El The and lon-'er ends of the plunger are connected by a central straight-through bore 42. A coil spring 53, which reacts between the nut SliY screwed upon, the upper part 32' of the tubular portion Si? of the piston body and the flange M on the plunger, normally holds the upper end of the plunger in contact with the sealing washer in the nozzle body, which thus acts as a stop for the upward movement of the plunger. The annular piston is therefore carried in floating fashion between the upward reaction of its own spring 35 and downward reaction of the plunger spring i3 and will move more freely under the influence of the grease pressure than the plunger 3S which is biased upwards only by one spring.

Alternatively, a circlip SEA tted around the lower part 33 of the tubular portion l or" the piston body may be used to limit the upward movement of the piston, the bottom face of the nozzle body being recessed at 28A, as mentioned above, to accommodate it. f

In operation, the nipple-engaging jaws of the nozzle body are rst hooked upon the neck 4 of the nipple, and the nipple ange is engaged in the channel 26 in the nozzle body, the bottom face 2l of the base of the body then engaging the upper face of the nipple liange. The nozzle is then pulled across the lnipple in k'nown fashion until the nipple ila-nge 3 is fully engaged in the semi-circular end of the channel 26 in the nozzle body. In this position, the axis of the plunger 39 and the axial passage IE5 in the flexible teat are in exact alignment.

When the grease gun is operated, grease under 4 pressure is forced through the conduit 2s in the hollow shank 2li of the nozzle body into the bore of the latter, exerting a downward thrust on both the plunger 39 .and the piston assembly, but, as explained previously, the piston assembly, being held floatingly and more freely than the plunger,

will move iirst, thrusting the lower end 33 of the tubular portion downwards on to theupper flange 9 of the flexible teat. As this, upper flange is supported at the middle by tile waist l i er 'the teat and is loaded at its edge where it isv urlsupported by the bottom endrof the tubular portion, the edge part of the upper-.flange downwards andthe inlet end of the lu. :a .1 passage I6 in the teat is pulled radially outwards to receive the pointed stem su of the plunger.

If a teat of the second construction shown in Figure 2, is used, its upper flange i9 is supported at the centre by the waist i8, as in the first construction, and is also supported at the anged edge 26. The bottom end 33 ci' the tubular piston 3E applies pressure about mid-way between these supports, and by a sort of toggle action, see the broken lines, places the ange in radial tension. As the outer edge of the flange I9 is locked in position by the iange in its groove 2 l and it cannot move inwards, the inner part of the flange i@ surrounding the central passage IS will be pulled radially outwards, thus opening the inlet end of the passage in the teat,

ready to receive 'the pointed end le of the plunger 39.y

The downward motion of the piston assembly is limited either by a stop d5, for example, in

the form of a circlip, or a shoulder onthe lower end 33 of the tubular portion of the piston engaging the base 2l of the nozzle body, or by the underside of the flange s or is oi' the flexible teat contacting the bottom o the recess 'l which, or overwhich, it is fitted. As soon as the downward `motion of the piston assembly is arrested further operation of the grease gun will cause the pressure of the grease in the nozzle body bore to build up, and ultimately to force the plunger 39 downwards until its needle or injector end 46 is thrust into the opened inlet end of the lubricant passage i8 in the flexible teat.

cause a charge of lubricant to be injected via' 8 the passage 42 -in the plunger into the passage I6 in the teat, and thence into the lubricant outlet passage 5 in the nipple to a place of use. y

When the operation of the grease gun is discontinued the plunger 39 is first thrust upwards into its original position by its coil spring d3, and the piston assembly then follows under the inlluence of its own spring coil 35 until the lower end part 33 of the tubular portion of the piston body is retracted into its original position in the hole 28 in the base 2 of the nozzle body. The nozzle can then be removed from the nipple.

It will be appreciated that in this construction the ixed nipple engaging jaws in the nozzle body may be` arranged for push-on or for lateral attachment, instead or for hook-on or pull-on attachment as described above.

In V,a second ccnstructional form of the nozzle the jaws for effecting detachable attachment with the nipple .during the lubricant injecting operation are mounted upon a supplementary annular piston which slides in the nozzlebody in such a manner that, under the inuence oi' the pressure exerted upon the lubricant, the jaws advance and grip the nipple head, and when the pressure on the lubricant is relaxed they vrecede back into the body of the nozzle, all substantially as described hereinafter and in the United Kingdom Patent No. 430,827, accepted June 26, 1935.

Thus, referring to Figure 3, in this construction, the nozzle comprises an outer hollow body el which is integral with, or attached to, a hollow shank 4%, the latter being integral with, or adapted to be attached to, the grease 'outlet con duit or the grease gun (not shown). The bottorn or nipple engaging end of the body is formed with an inwardly turned Ilange 69 through the centre of which is anaperture 5U large enough for the head 5l of the nipple 52, of whatever profile it may be, to pass'through. The upper, or inner, side of the ange it is bevelled internally at 53 to an angle of approximately forareasonto be explained later. Y

The top end of the yhollow body is closed by means of a cover 54 which is screwed into the threaded upper end of the cylindrical bore of the body.

The cover 54 is provided with a threaded down"- wardly projecting central boss 55 on to which a cylindrical inner body or sleeve 56, machined inside and out, is screwed concentric with the outer body'. rlhe bottom end of theinner body is formed with an outwardly turned ilange 5l, and also an inwardly turned fiange 58 having a central aperture 59.

In the space between the outer body :il an the inner cylindrical body 5S is fitted an annular piston Sil provided with an annular sealing washer 653A and having freely depending ljaws 6i loosely hung from it in such a manner that, while relative lateral movement of the jaws is possible, relative axial movement is prevented and positive downward movement is enforced when the annular piston moves downwards. Spring means (not shown) may be provided for spreading the jaws outwards to their widest capacity, but this is not essential. The annular piston Bil and its depending jaws 5l are sp-ringeurged upwards away from the nipple engaging` end by a coil spring 62 which reacts between the outwardly turned flange 5l and the underside of the an-y nular piston, being situated between the inner body 55 and the jaws Si. The upward movement of the piston isv limited by a stop 63, for example cant injector, all as described in connection with the first construction of nozzle shown in Figure l. A hole, or holes, 59 formed through the inner body near to the cover 5d provide communica tion for the ingress and egress oi lubricant from the outer annulus l@ between the inner and outer bodies of the nozzle.

In operation, the nozzle is applied to the nipple yin such a manner-that the head 5I of the nipple passes through the aperture 553 m the flanged lower end d3 of the outer body di and buttsush against the i'ianged lower end of the inner body 5t.

When the grease gun is operated, grease under pressure is forced through the conduit 43A in the hollow shank 48 of the nozzle body into the annular space iii between the outer body and theinner body, where it exerts a downward force upon the annular piston 5G, which is thereby caused to move downwards, thrusting the jaws i before it. As the jaws move downwards they contact, and are thrust radially inwards by, the bevelled upper side 53 of the inwardly-turned iiange Si on the outer body. This inward movement causes them to grip the head 5I of the nipple and hold it in correct axial alignment with the nozzle.

The outer annular piston 6D having thus completed its movement. further operation of the grease gun causes grease to pass through the holes 69 in the inner body 55, and then, having built up an increased pressure, to operate first the inner annular piston e4, which thus moves downwards and opens the end of the inlet passage il oi the teat 12, and then the plunger 68, which follows and injects a charge of grease into ,the said passage, all as previously described in connection with the first construction shown in Figure l.

Figure 4 shows the application of a nozzle constructed as shown in Figure 3, to a .nipple constructed as shown in. Figure 2, and thus having a teat with an enlarged relatively thin upper ange iS formed with a peripheral flange 2l) which is tted in a circular recess 2| in the top of the nipple iange 3.

In a third constructional Vform of the nozzle, the jaws are arranged for lateral movement only, in contra-distinction to the previous construction, where they were arranged for advancing and receding movement as well.

As shown in Figure 5, in this construction, the inner annular piston 'i3 and its grease injecting plunger 'M are slidably arranged within an inner body '15, as in the second construction, but the body, instead of being attached to a boss on the -1 cover of the outer body and thus held in fixed relationship thereto, in this construction, tted with its own separate cover i6, and with a flangelike piston ll and sealing ring i8. The whole assembly of sleeve, cover and piston is ma de slidable within an outer body 79, which is integral with, or attached to, a hollow shank Si?, which in turn is adapted to be attached to the grease outlet conduit of the grease gun (not shown) as in the previous described constructions.

The outer body 'i9 is closed at its upper end by a cover 19A and is formed at its lower end with an inwardly turning nange 8l, having a bevelled upper face 82, as in the second construction, and the depending jaws 83, which in this construction are attached to the outer surface of the inner cylinder 15, engage this bevel and are forced inwards, as will be described hereinafter. The inner body and the piston with the depending jaws 83 are urged upwards by a coil spring 84 reacting between the piston flange 11 and a flat ledge 85 provided on the inwardly-turning iiange 8l on the outer body, the spring in this case surrounding the jaws and being located between them and the outer body.

Leaf springs 36 between the jaws 83 and the inner body surface may be employed for the purpose of spreading the jaws to their widest capacity. A hole, or holes 81, drilled through the inner cover 'i5 provide communication for ingress and egress of grease from the outer body 19 to the inner cylinder 15. This cover, in fact, merely serves as a stop to limit the upward movement oi the pointed plunger 14.

In operation, the nozzle is applied to the nipple in such a manner that the head 88 of the nipple passes through the aperture 89 of the hanged lower end 8l of the outer body and butts iiush against the lower end of the inner cylinder, the jaws being spread outwards as described above.

When thegrease gun is operated, grease under pressure is forced through the conduit 80A in the hollow shank 8o of the nozzle body into the outer cylinder 'I9 above the cover 16 and the anged piston 'i3 of the inner body, where it exerts a force downwards upon the inner body and piston, and upwards upon the outer body and its cover 19A.

Since the inner body is already in contact with the top of the nipple head 88, it cannot, strictly speaking, move downwards, and therefore the outer body i9 will move upwards relative to the nipple, the inwardly turning flange 8l will engage the lower ends of the depending jaws 83 and force them to move radially inwards and grip the Fifi head of the nipple. This operation having been completed, further operation of the grease gun causes grease to pass through the hole, or holes, 81 in the inner cylinder cover 'i5 and, having built up an increased pressure, to operate rst the inner annular piston 'I3 and then the plunger 14, as previously described.

Since both the second (Figure 3) and third constructions (Figure 5) depend for their successful operation on the concentric action of a set of movable jaws, it is possible, for the purpose of ensuring greater accuracy of alignment, to form the top of the nipple with a circular spigot d, as shown in Figure 6, which registers in a recess Sl in the inner body of the nozzle, similar to the recess 28A in Figure 1, and formed to accommodate the circlip 9 IA on the piston tube.

Figure 7 shows the application of the nozzle of Figure 5 to a nipple having a teat constructed like that shown in Figure 2. It also shows how the spigot registration shown in Figure 6 can be applied to a construction where a teat constructed as shown in Figure 2 is used.

In a fourth constructional form the nozzle is adapted to be applied to the nipple by direct thrust only, and is accordingly not tted with jaws at all.

In this construction as shown .in Figure 8, the pointed plunger Q2, which in previous constructions was slidable within an annular piston, is

'headA of the teat, spreading the rubber and opening the inlet passage 96, as previously de scribed.

Near the bottom end the sliding sleeve 96 is tted'with a flange 9i having a downwardly turning rim 98 adapted to fit over the head 99 of the ,nipple and form a guide.

. The sliding sleeve with its flange and .guide frim is thrust downwards by a spring i which encircles the sleeve, and reacts between the flange and an abutment le! on the outlet conn duit of the grease gun or tting.

A stop,` which for convenience may be a pin ,i sliding in a slot m3, is provided to limit the outward motion of the sleeve under the influence of the spring.

. In operation the nozzle is applied to the nipple `by direct thrust, being held in a position substantially coaxial therewith. The vrim 98 fits over the head Sii of the nipple and acts as a guide, locating the lowerl end of the tubular sleeve sli and the teat in correct alignment.

A thrust on the grease gun or the said fitting Jrst applies pressure to the head 95 of the teat,

spreading the materialand pulling the inlet end forward and retaining contact with the head of,

the teat; then, finally, the sleeve and the head part company. i lFigure 3A shows the application of the nozzle of Figure 8 to a nipple having a teat constructed like that shown in Figure 2, the operation of this construction being the same as the operation of the construction shown in Figure 8.

ln a fifth construction of the nozzle shown in Figure 9 by way of example of the manual operation ofthe nozzle jaws, the nipple may be of either of the types mentioned above which are adapted to be gripped by movable jaws, and the nozzle may be of they same general type as the first described construction (Figure 1), the iixed T-sectioned jaws being deleted and replaced by jaws capable of lateral'movement, as in the third constrnctional form of nozzle.

Thus, the nozzle comprises a cylinder body 05 with an inlet duct |66, and a hollow bore in which slides a piston assembly 01 of the type 'described in connection with the first construction (Figure l) comprising a iange and a tubular part Hi8 in which slides a pointed plunger HB9. l On the outside of the cylinder wall, at or near the nipple engaging end, are hung a number of jaws i i9, while above the jaws the wall is formed with an external thread Il i upon which is screwed an internally threaded shell H2. The outside of the shell is knurled so that it can be gripped and rotated by hand, and the lower end is made conical at l I3 to engage with the bevelled ends of the jaws, so that when the shell is screwed upwards on the thread the jaws are closed radially inwards.

In a modification, see Figure 10, the jaws l 19A may be formed with a reversed bevel such that the l2 jaws are closed inwards by a downward movement of the hollow shell.

As mentioned above in the descriptions of the various constructions' of nozzles having jaws, when the operation of the grease gun is discon tinued, the nozzle plunger and piston assembly return to their original positions under the inluence of their coil springs. This return movement of the parts causes a back flow of grease out of the bore of the nozzle body back through the conduit in the hollow shank of the nozzle towards the grease gun. It is therefore necessary that the outlet conduit or" the grease gun shall not have a non-return valve.V

Different types of grease guns or other grease dispensers may be used. The grease gun may, for example, be oi' the known type in which the plunger overruns and closes an inlet port during its discharge stroke. As soon as the inlet port is overrun and closed further movement of the plunger discharges grease through the conduit in the hollow shank of the nozzle into the bore of the latter, the nozzle piston assembly then being operated as previously described, and some of the grease being discharged through the nipple to the place of use.

W hen the gun plunger makes its returnv stroke the grease column in the bore of the nozzle'body and the said conduit will follow it until the nozzle plunger and piston parts reach their upper stops. Thereafter the gun plunger, continuing itsI return motion, will create a void in the gun barrel, which void, when the inlet port is again uncovered, will be equal in volume to the grease discharged. As soon as the inlet port is uncovered the gun will be recharged by the influx of new grease.`

Itwill be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the constructional examples given here, but many Inodications both to the nipple and the nozzle are possible, thus, for example;

j M It is not essential that the lower end of the outlet passage in the nipple should be of less diameter than the part of the passage in which the tapered shank of the teat is arranged, as described herein, but may be of the same diameter.

The nipple need not necessarily be formed with a flanged head as described, but as shown in Figure l1, the head llll may alternatively be formed with a number of serrations or grooves H5, the jaws ll of the nozzle being formed with. projections H1 to engage therewith. As shown in Figure 12, in cases when a nozzle of the fourth construction i5 used these seri-ations will serve nozzle body.

as a guide for the rim 38 of the sleeve 94 equally as well as a circular flange on the nippleV head.

Referring to Figure 13, the nipple may be formed with an upper frustro-conical or cylindrical part I i8 and a partly nomi-spherical lower part i I9. as disclosed in United Kingdom Patent No. 430,827, accepted June 26, 1935. When used with the nozzle shown in Figure 8, the upper part engages in the rim 93 and when used with 'the nozzle shown in Figure 6 the upper part engages in theinner cylinder part of the nozzle, and the jaws grip the hemispherical part i9.

- Again, for use with a nozzle of the fourth conn struction (Figure 8) the nipple may have a plain cylindrical body with no flange or serration at.V

all, see Figure i4.

The hollow grease inlet shank of the nozzle in any of the constructions of nozzle may be arranged at any desired angle to the axis of the 1t may also be provided with one or more ball or hinged joints and may be con- 13" nected to the grease gun by a discharge conduit having one or more such joints.

The pointed lower end of the nozzle plunger, which acts as an injector, may, ir" convenient, be made much nner and more needle-like than shown in the accompanying drawings, and furn ther it may be made as a separate member attached to the plunger as by screwing.

The teat, the cover sealing ring or washer and the piston sealing rings 'in the nozzle body may all be made of rubber, synthetic rubber or any other mouldable, lubricant-impervious, iiexible material.

It will be understood that the nipples and nozzles herein described may be used in systems for dispensing grease or thixctropic solids or oil.

I claim:V

l. A nipple fitting comprising a body member having a shank for securing the fitting in a lubricant-receiving passageway in a part to be lubricated and a head, said body member having a variable diameter passageway extending therethrough including at least one portion -of en larged diameter inwardly of the outer end of the passageway, and an axially pierced deformable closure member in said passageway and in cluding an inner end part proportioned to be received in the enlarged intermediate portion of the passageway for anchoring said closure mem ber against axial movement, and an outer end part including a portion supported from said inner end part in spaced relation to the walls of the passageway adjacent the outer end thereof so that space is provided into which the outer end part of the closure member may expand when pressure is applied thereto in a direction to expand the pierced opening therein radially.

2. A nipple fitting comprising a body member having a shank for securing the fitting in a lubricantreceiving passagewayT in a part to be lubricated and a head. said body member having a variable diameter passageway extending therethrough defining at least one shoulder intermediate the ends oi said passageway, said passageway having an outer end part presenting bottom and side walls, and a deformable closure member in said passageway including outer and inner end parts and a reduced intermediate part defining a shoulder intermediate the ends of the closure member cooperating with the shoulder in said passageway for anchoring said closure member against axial movement in the passageway, said intermediate part supporting the outer end part of the closure member in the outer end part of said passageway and in spaced relation to the bottom and side walls thereof.

3. A nipple fitting comprising a body member having a shank for securing the fitting in a lu bricant-receiving passageway in a part to be 1ubricated and a head, said body member having a variable diameter passageway extending therethrough defining at least one shoulder intermediate the ends o said passageway, said passageway having an outer end part presenting bottom and side walls, a deformable axially pierced closure member in said passageway including outer and inner end parts and a reduced intermediate part defining a shoulder intermedate the ends of the closure member cooperating with the shoulder in said passageway for anchoring said closure member against axial movement in the passageway, said intermediate part supporting the outer end part of the closure member in the outer end part of said passageway and in spaced relation to the bottom and side Til walls thereof, and a tip on the inner end of said closure member suiliciently reduced in size so that the pressure exerted thereon by the lubricant in the passageway causes the portion of the axially pierced opening passing through said reduced part to be held closed and thus prevent backow of lubricant through the closure member.

4, A nipple fitting comprising a body member having a variable diameter passageway extending therethrough including an enlarged outer end part and an enlarged inner chamber, and an axially pierced deformable closure member in said passageway including an outer end part of cross-sectional area less than the cross-sectional area of the outer end part of thepassageway, an inner part dimensioned to be received in said inner chamber for anchoring said closure mem ber against axial movement in the passageway and a part connecting said outer and inner parts and forming a support for holding the outer end part in spaced relation to the body member in the enlarged outer end part of said passageway.

5. A nipple fitting comprising a body member having a shank for securing the fitting in a lubricant-receiving passageway in a part to be lubricated and a head, said body member having a passageway extending therethrough, an axially pierced deformable closure member in said passageway, and cooperating flanges and shoulders on said closure member and passageway inwardly of the outer end thereof for anchoring the closure member against axial movement in the passageway, said closure member having an intermediate portion of less cross-sectional area than the outer end of said passageway and an outer end portion of larger diameter to close the outer end of said passageway when the closure member is anchored therein and form a contact surface adapted to be engaged by a dispensing nozi zle.

6. A nipple fitting comprising a body member having a shank for securing the fitting in a lubricant-receiving passageway in a part to be lubricated and a head, said body member having a passageway extending therethrough, an axially pierced deformable closure member in said passageway, cooperating flanges and shoulders on said closure member and. passageway inwardly of the outer end thereof for anchoring the closure member against axial movement in the passageway, said closure member having an intermediate portion of less cross-sectional area than the outer end of said passageway terminating in an outer end portion of larger cross-sectional area for closing the outer end of said passageway when the closure member is anchored therein to form a contact surface adapted to be engaged by a dispensing nozzle, and a tip on the inner end of said closure member sufficiently reduced in size so that the pressure exerted thereon by the lubricant in said passageway causes the portion of the axially pierced opening passing through said reduced portion to be held closed for preventing backiiow of lubricant through the passageway.

7. A nipple fitting comprising a body member having a shank for securing the tting in a lubricant-receiving passageway in a part to belubricated and a head, said body member havinga passageway extending therethrough, an axially pierced deformable closure member in said passageway, cooperating anges and shoulders on said passageway and closure member for anchoring the latter against axial movement, said closure mem- .berincluding a central body portion oi less crosssectional area than the outer end of the pafsageway adapted to extend into the same and an enlargedv outer end, and cooperating anges grooves on the enlarged end of said closure memfber and the head of said iitting adapted nxedly 8. VA nipple tting comprising a body member having a shank for securing the fitting in a lubricant-receiving ypassageway in a part to be lubricated, and a head, said body member having a passageway extending therethrough, and an axially pierced deformable closure member in said passageway said closuemember and passageway having cooperating flanges and shoulders inwardly of the outer end thereof ioranchoringsaid closure member against axial movement inthe passageway, and outer end portions at least parts of which are or" different diameters so that at least a portion of vthe -outer end of said closure member is held in spaced relation to the outer portion or the passageway in said body member.

9. A nipple fitting comprising a body member having a rshank for securing the 'htting-in a lubricant-receiving passageway in a partto be lubricated, and a head, said body member having a passageway extending therethrough, an axially pierced deformable `closure member in said passageway, said closure member andpassageway having cooperating anges and shoulders inwardly oi the outer end thereof for anchoring said closure member against axial movement in the passageway and outer end portions at least parts of which are of diiierent diameters toprovide 1space in the outer end portion ci the passageway into which said closure member may be expanded when Vforce is applied to the outer end of the closure member in a direction to enlarge the pierced opening radially, and a tip on the inner end of said closure member of sufficiently reduced size so that the pressure exerted thereon by the lubricant in the passageway causes the portion of the axially pierced opening passingV through said reduced part to be held closed and thus prevents backnow. of lubricant through the closure member.

"10. A nipple itting comprising a body member having a shank for securing the fitting in a lubricant-receiving passageway in a part to be lubricated, and ahead, said body member havinga variable diameter passageway extending therethrough defining at least one shoulder intermediate the ends of said passageway, and anfaxially pierced deformable closure member in said passageway including an intermediate part of reduced cross-sectional area defining a shoulder intermediate the ends of the closure member cooperating with the shoulder in said passageway for anchoring said closure member against axial movement, and an outer end part, said intermediate part supporting the outer end part substantially centrally thereof and extending into the outer end of said passageway in spaced relation to the walls thereof so that space isprovded between the closure member and outer end or the passageway into which the outer end of the closure member may expand when pressure is applied thereto in an endwise direction on a portion of the outer end of the closure member between the periphery of the intermediate portion and the side wail of the outer end of said passageway.-

1l. A resilient bushing for closing a lubricantreceiving passageway in a iitting or the like, 'comprising a body member ol resilient deformable material having a pierced opening extending only axially from end to end thereof oi no appreciable diameter when the bushing is relaxec, said body member being otherwise impervious and including an inner end portion adapted to be snugly received in a complemental part oi said passageway and tocooperate therewith for anchoring said bushing in the passagewa and an outer end portion having a hat outwardly racing side forming a contact surface, said two body portions being connected by a portion of reduced cross-sectional area to support the outer end' portion in said passageway and to facilitate deformation of the outer end portion. in a direction to enlarge the opening radially when axially directed pressure is applied Yto the contact surface radially of the opening.

l2. A resilient bushing for closing a lubricantreceiving passageway in a lubricant-receiving litt-ing or the like, comprising a body member o1 resilient deformable material having a pierced opening extending only axially from end to end thereof of no appreciable diameter when the bushing is relaxed, said body member being otherwise impervious and including an intermediate portion of less diameter than the outer end of the passageway, and opposite end portions of enlarged size relative to said intermediate portion, the inner one of said body portions being adapted to be snugly received in a complementary enlargement in said passageway for anchoring said bushing in the passageway and the outer of said end portions having a iiat outwardly facing side forming a relatively thin contact surface of relatively large area to close the outer end only of the passageway, said intermediate portion forming a central support for the outer end portion to cause the pierced opening to be enlarged radially when axially directed pressure is applied to the contact surface outwardly of the periphery of said intermediate portion.

13. A resilient closureV member for closing a lubricant-receiving passageway comprising a body member of impervious deformable material having a pierced opening extending axially from end to end thereof of no appreciable diameter when the closure member is relaxed,` said body member including an inner enlarged part adapted to be received kin an enlarged rpart of said passageway and to cooperate therewith for anchoring said closure member in the passageway,

'and an outer nange having a iiat outwardly faoing side forming a contact surface, said enlarged part and flange being connected by a portion or" reduced cross-sectional area forming a central support for the iange to facilitate deformation of the same in a direction to enlarge the pierced opening radially when pressure is applied to the contact surface radially of the openings, and a tip on the inwardly facing end of said' closure member through which a portion of the pierced opening passes, said tip being of reduced sise so that .the portion of the opening passing tthrough the same will be held closed by the preslubricant-receiving sure present in th passageway and thus pre- 18 UNITED STATES PATENTS vent backflow of lubricant through the closure Nmber Nam Date membe 1,683,571 zerk oct. 23, 1923 1,859,382 Cruze May 24, 1932 CAMHLE CLARE SPRANKLING 5 2,047,132 Williams July 7, 1933` LE CLAIR- 2,061,062 Davis et a1. Nov. 17, 1936 2,116,004 Tear May 3', 1938 REFEENCES CITED d t 2,274,753 sundnolm Mar. 3, 1942 The following re erences are o recor in he me of this patent: 10 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date Great Britain Sept. 30, 1940 

